Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement: Verify the Path, Not the Promise

Percutaneous pedicle screw placement: imaging, trajectory, guidewire control and final review

What is percutaneous pedicle screw placement? Percutaneous pedicle screw placement (PPS) puts spinal screws into bone through small skin openings, with scans or live X-ray views used to guide the path. Rods link the screws to form part of the planned construct. Small wounds do not make the route safe by default. The task is […]